hello, for a population of 800 people, how many apiaries should there be, knowing that there are 100 farmers, to make candles haha
No way to tell. The game doesn’t tell you that. It’s all guesswork. One of the many reasons the game needs a lot of improvement. If you have a degree in economics you may be able to calculate supply versus demand based on how many candles are made versus how many are not sold at a specific population point… that was sarcastic sorry.
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It depends on how many gardens are around them…
I just plop one down in the middle of my fields or along the roads cutting through my fields, and avoid too much overlap.
Though with 100 farmers, putting down a few to many won’t hurt. They’ve got nothing better to do. 
I never tested how efficient a bunch of overlapping apiaries in between loads of small gardens or shrubs is. Might be enough gardens completely make up for the loss in efficiency from the overlap.
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for a steady supply of wax and honey for all uses you will need about 30 and you should put them ON your farm fields for the huge bonus. Obviously if you are not making a lot of candles and beer and medicine etc… you need way less.
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1 candle maker(max 4 men per building) need 1 apiaries
and 2 apiaries can supply 1 beer maker
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When you get ready to set your next Apiary, watch the ‘performance bar’ on its popup, and it will give you a percentage bonus number that corresponds to the local environment (proximity to Farm fields and other Apiaries, etc.)
The more overlap you have among Apiaries the lower this bonus will be.
I try not to set Apiaries inside the Area of Operations (ring) of another Apiary, as this bonus drops significantly when I do.
I’ve also found that placing farm fields right next to each other causes a lot of loss to Field Rot, so the one space I leave between fields becomes the area inside the fences that I place them.
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Check candles produced by amount used in graph button upper left hand corner.
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I have most of the apiaries next to each other haha.
I will move the apiaries away, that can lead to removing some and they are less maintenance boards.
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I tried building some large number of apiaries, like 50, and wound up with 4,000 honey and wax and it started seriously impacting my storage capacity. I salvaged all of them and have been living off my storage for the last 20 years or so.
I don’t think there’s an ideal number, just monitor how much you have in stock annually and if you aren’t getting enough honey and wax, build more. If you’re getting too much, salvage some existing apiaries.
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There’s a literal statistics section in which you can view the specific amounts of items produced and the specific amounts of those same items consumed. With this information it’s actually very easy to tell, and it will change based on layout among other things.
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Click on an apiary and see what it produced in the past 12 months. Check a few to make sure it is consistent. Then check the graphs from the top left button (or clicking the food button), you can see how many candles you used each year. It should be easy math to work out from that point.
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Apiaries can be placed near specific bushes near watercourses, never thought about in the fields themselves, good tip. Explains why many of my fields have disease.
Apiaries work well and produce much more inside forests or orchards. What ive done to get a more than enough supply of honey and wax is to build big areas of decor trees and place them inside. With an area big enough to dispose them so that their radius dont overlap, i get all i need for the year.