There are no increases to either level or devotion caps from AoM. Have a look at the Build Compendium for FG to see what’s possible.
There are new constellations which could affect your builds and of course a few changes to old constellations as well.
Grim Internals is what you’re thinking of. It’s still around if you want to use it, but some of its features are now included ingame V1.1.4.0 Preview
Well, it depends if that sort of thing is something you like. The Shattered Realm is endless, but it’s optiional so you don’t have to play it if you don’t want to.
Yes, the story is somewhat shorter because it’s a side story and not a continuation of the main storyline. That said the content is about 75% the size of AoM and that’s not including SR. Plus there’s a 5th rogue-like dungeon on the way later this year which will also add to the content and there’s still a few more updates after that to come.
Plus Zantai’s doing a major overhaul of rare and epic items in the game, he’s gone through thousands of records to update and make them more attractive midgame.
There’s a new GM due next Monday, 4th November so keep an eye out for that.